{
  "observed_at": "2026-09-12",
  "guide_path": "/guides/vpn-platform-kill-switch-guide",
  "formula": "cell = stored support state when the platform key exists; unknown if platforms key missing or platform key missing; missing platforms is unknown not unsupported; missing platform key is unknown for that OS not a product-wide no; plan_dependent is not a universal yes; OS-specific no is not a product-wide no; a documented yes is not a leak test; empty protocol list is unknown not unsupported; protocol listed on one OS is not listed on every OS; a business overlay is not a consumer public-internet kill switch; same class is not a ranking; counts are integers not billed totals",
  "count_formula": "ivpn_kill_switch 4+1=5; expressvpn_wireguard 3+2=5; proton_openvpn 1+4=5; purevpn_split 2+3=5; personal_ios_split 4+7=11 ≠ 12",
  "cafe_formula": "cafe_pass = personal_vpn AND documented_ios AND documented_windows AND ios_kill_switch_yes AND windows_kill_switch_yes AND ios_split_yes AND windows_split_yes; unknown cannot satisfy; plan_dependent is not a universal yes; a documented yes is not a leak test; OS-specific no is not a product-wide no",
  "hand_arithmetic": [
    {
      "product": "ivpn",
      "kill_switch_yes": 4,
      "kill_switch_no": 1,
      "classified_sum": 5,
      "note": "4+1=5. iOS kill switch removed for iOS 16+ (vendor blog 1 Aug 2023). Not a leak test run here."
    },
    {
      "product": "expressvpn",
      "wireguard_yes": 3,
      "wireguard_no": 2,
      "classified_sum": 5,
      "note": "3+2=5. Stored WireGuard id on Windows, iOS, Android. Not macOS or Linux. Lightway is on all five."
    },
    {
      "product": "proton-vpn",
      "openvpn_yes": 1,
      "openvpn_no": 4,
      "classified_sum": 5,
      "note": "1+4=5. OpenVPN is Linux GUI only. IKEv2 is macOS only and being withdrawn."
    },
    {
      "product": "purevpn",
      "split_yes": 2,
      "split_no": 3,
      "classified_sum": 5,
      "note": "2+3=5. Split tunnel Windows and Android. iOS and Android kill switch stay unknown."
    },
    {
      "product": "personal_ios_split",
      "yes_count": 4,
      "no_count": 7,
      "known_sum": 11,
      "unknown_count": 1,
      "note": "4+7=11 ≠ 12. NordVPN iOS split is unknown, not no."
    }
  ],
  "assumptions": [
    "A documented yes is not a leak test.",
    "Missing platforms is unknown, not unsupported.",
    "Missing platform key is unknown for that OS, not a product-wide no.",
    "plan_dependent is not a universal yes.",
    "OS-specific no is not a product-wide no.",
    "Unknown cannot satisfy a hard requirement.",
    "Empty protocol list is unknown, not unsupported.",
    "Counts are integers, not billed totals.",
    "Same class is not a ranking.",
    "A business overlay is not a consumer public-internet kill switch.",
    "ACSC Using VPNs (October 2021) is organisational, not a consumer platform list."
  ]
}