{
  "guide_path": "/guides/vpn-introductory-renewal-pricing",
  "observed_at": "2026-09-12",
  "formula": "covered_months = term_months + bonus_months; cash12_cents = introductory_billed_total_cents; teaser12_cents = effective_monthly_equivalent_cents * 12; renewal_charges start at covered_months",
  "hand_arithmetic": {
    "nordvpn_basic_2_year": {
      "intro_cents": 12933,
      "teaser12_cents": 5748,
      "covered_months": 27,
      "renewal_cents": 18708,
      "cash36_cents": 31641
    },
    "surfshark_starter_2_year": {
      "intro_cents": 9423,
      "teaser12_cents": 4188,
      "covered_months": 27,
      "renewal_cents": 11012,
      "cash36_cents": 20435
    },
    "proton_plus_2_year": {
      "intro_cents": 13416,
      "teaser12_cents": 6708,
      "covered_months": 24,
      "renewal_cents": 13428,
      "cash36_cents": 26844
    },
    "pia_39": {
      "intro_cents": 9711,
      "teaser12_cents": 2988,
      "covered_months": 39,
      "cash36_cents": 9711
    },
    "mullvad_1_year": {
      "intro_cents": 6000,
      "teaser12_cents": 6000,
      "covered_months": 12,
      "cash36_cents": 18000
    },
    "expressvpn_basic_2_year": {
      "intro_cents": 8372,
      "teaser12_cents": 3588,
      "covered_months": 28,
      "cash36_cents": 18367,
      "currency": "USD"
    },
    "tailscale_standard_monthly": {
      "intro_cents": 800,
      "teaser12_cents": 9600,
      "cash12_cents": 9600,
      "cash36_cents": 28800
    },
    "nordlayer_lite_yearly": {
      "intro_cents": 9600,
      "teaser12_cents": 9600,
      "minimum_seats": 5,
      "floor12_cents": 48000,
      "cash36_cents": 28800
    },
    "twingate_teams_yearly": {
      "intro_cents": 6000,
      "teaser12_cents": 6000,
      "cash36_cents": 18000
    }
  },
  "excluded": [
    "surfshark--one-2-year",
    "windscribe--yearly-back-to-school-edumcate",
    "tailscale--personal",
    "tailscale--mullvad-vpn-add-on",
    "nordlayer--core-yearly",
    "twingate--teams-monthly",
    "twingate--home-monthly",
    "twingate--starter"
  ]
}